Jun 22, 2008 download bose einstein condensation international series of monographs on physics pdf online. Autoplay when autoplay is enabled, a suggested video will automatically play next. In both of the episodes discussed previously, those of parity nonconservation and of cp violation, we saw a decision between two competing classes of theories. Fermidirac and bose einstein statistics basic introduction duration. Boseeinstein integrals statistical physics lecture j. The first pure boseeinstein condensate was created by eric cornell, carl wieman, and coworkers at jila on 5 june 1995. A boseeinstein condensate bec is a state of matter also called the fifth state of matter which is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero 273.
Download boseeinstein condensation international series of monographs on physics pdf online. Aplicaciones del estado boseeinstein condensado boseeinstein. Bose einstein condensation wolfgang ketterle duration. A boseeinstein condensate bec is a state of matter which is typically formed when a gas of bosons at low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to. How does superfluids and boseeinstein condensates form. In the present work we determine the speed of sound in a boseeinstein condensate con. A short video explaining how a boseeinstein condensate of sodium atoms is created in lab at mit by martin zwierlein. Also, whats its significance, can we benefit from this new phase of matter. Fabian consider the integrals of the form, ip z 1 0 dx xp 1 ex 1. At least, thats what happens in a state of matter called a boseeinstein condensate. Progress in creating boseeinstein con densates has sparked great interest in the physics community and has even gener ated coverage in the mainstream press. Alright dont give me that scientific, explain it in plain english.
Jun 05, 2015 twenty years ago, in the summer of 1995, i was a young grad student having just finished my second year at maryland, and one morning i packed into the conference room at the national institute of. Under such conditions, a large fraction of bosons occupy the lowest quantum state, at which point microscopic quantum phenomena, particularly wavefunction interference. Bose einstein condensates of dilute gases offer a rich field to study fundamental quantummechanical processes, manipulation of the speed at which light propogates, observation of atomic pair. Twenty years ago, in the summer of 1995, i was a young grad student having just finished my second year at maryland, and one morning i packed.
The most useful integrals are summarized in the following table. Bose einstein condensate coldest place in the universe youtube. They cooled a dilute vapor of approximately two thousand rubidium87 atoms to below 170 nk using a combination of laser cooling a technique that won its inventors steven chu, claude cohentannoudji, and william d. This computer simulation shows a pancakeshaped bec cloud kept inside an electromagnetic trap and initially upper left divided into three parts. Aplicaciones del estado boseeinstein condensado bose. At first, some of the attention derived from the drama inherent in the decades scientific american march 1998 26 by eric a. Boseeinstein condensate bec, a state of matter in which separate atoms or subatomic particles, cooled to near absolute zero 0 k. Eric allin cornell wikipedia, a enciclopedia livre. Boseeinstein condensation in classical systems abstract. A boseeinstein condensate is a state of matter in which extremely cold atoms clump together and act. In this notes, we will discuss the main features of the.
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